What I know of ...When you shut off the engine (known for some engines to jump time during shutdown) or the cam lobe from a closing valve spring tension "advances" the camshaft is the only real way to bend a intake from timing chain problems. My favorite way to bend intake valves is the WarWagon Worm clamp left in the intake port award...

It's more exciting to watch the tach overspeed bend them...
Can the main chain tensioner bind up, stretch the chain, and in doing so advance the valve timing?
Machined the keyway in slightly wrong location on a sprocket? I rejected one timing set on the 1992 project as the chain went slack and tight as the engine spun by hand. I thought it might be a bent crankshaft so I put a magnetic dial indicator on it. Sprockets were machined off center.
Again taking two clues - prior rod bearing ...
Rod and other engine bearings can be damaged from excessive RPM. Aircraft piston engines are known for this in writing to teardown and inspect after X seconds over X RPM. My first failed engine a 1993 4.3L V6 was claimed to be bearing damage from the transmission slipping as it had slipped to burn up two weeks before engine bearings turned the oil to glitter. Independent shop suggested there wasn't an RPM limiter in gear for that year.
Is the transmission via ECM/Wiring problems downshifting into the wrong gear or shift flair (slipping or without enough TQ management)?
How are the wrist pins? Do you have stretched rods and/or rod bolts?
Valve guides gummed up scored up or *gasp* wrong too thick oil used in the cold? Yeah yeah here it's too thin of oil in extreme heat...